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Advances in Psychiatric Treatment current issue

Reflective writing [From the Editor]
Bouch, J. Tue, 01 May 2012 00:05:43 -0700

The nature of personality disorder [Articles]
Adshead, G., Sarkar, J. Tue, 01 May 2012 00:05:43 -0700
The lack of a medically grounded approach to personality disorder and its management has led to its comparative neglect as a topic by many clinicians in the UK. In this article we present evidence that personality disorders are, like other mental disorders, the social manifestations of a pathological process. This process presents with characteristic clinical features that are developmental in nature. These cause disturbances in arousal, affect and reality testing that have an impact on interpersonal social functioning. Personality disorder may therefore be conceived of primarily as a socioemotional disability, not dissimilar to Axis I conditions.
Use of Health of the Nation Outcome Scales in psychiatry [Articles]
Delaffon, V., Anwar, Z., Noushad, F., Ahmed, A. S., Brugha, T. S. Tue, 01 May 2012 00:05:43 -0700
Routine outcome measures are essential to chart individual patient progress and evaluate models of service provision. The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) were commissioned by the Royal College of Psychiatrists as a simple, brief measure for this purpose. It is one of the most widely used outcome measures in mental health services globally and has been translated into at least seven languages. Its use has broadened beyond its original purpose and in several countries collection of HoNOS data is mandatory. We review 585 potential articles to chart the development and evolution of HoNOS, as well as its psychometric properties, qualitative attributes and uses in clinical practice and research. The potential barriers to implementation of HoNOS on a wide scale are considered and its future role in evaluating effectiveness and benchmarking of services are discussed.

pubmed: 0924-9338

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review.
Bersani FS, Minichino A, Enticott PG, Mazzarini L, Khan N, Antonacci G, Raccah RN, Salviati M, Delle Chiaie R, Bersani G, Fitzgerald PB, Biondi M Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review. Eur Psychiatry. 2012 May 3; Authors: Bersani FS, Minichino A, Enticott PG, Mazzarini L, Khan N, Antonacci G, Raccah RN, Salviati M, Delle Chiaie R, Bersani G, Fitzgerald PB, Biondi M Abstract Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a technique of neuromodulation and neurostimulation based on the principle of electromagnetic induction of an electric field in the brain. The coil (H-coil) used in deep TMS is able to modulate cortical excitability up to a maximum depth of 6cm and is therefore able not only to modulate the activity of the cerebral cortex but also the activity of deeper neural circuits. Deep TMS is largely used for the treatment of drug-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) and is being tested to treat a very wide range of neurological, psychiatric and medical conditions. The aim of this review is to illustrate the biophysical principles of deep TMS, to explain the pathophysiological basis for its utilization in each psychiatric disorder (major depression, autism, bipolar depression, auditory hallucinations, negative symptoms of schizophrenia), to summarize the results presented thus far in the international scientific literature regarding the use of deep TMS in psychiatry, its side effects and its effects on cognitive functions. PMID: 22559998 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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